The Internal Medicine Unit comprises the following specialties:
General Internal Medicine
Internal Medicine is a branch of medicine that deals with discovering the cause of diseases of internal organs and ensuing treatment. It is no wonder it is named “the queen of medicine,” for it serves as a basis for numerous subspecialties and branches of medicine closely specialized in particular organs or organ systems that deal with, for example, internal secretion glands diseases such as the thyroid gland, adrenal gland, gonad (endocrinology), blood diseases, and diseases of blood-forming organs (hematology), heart diseases and blood vessels diseases (cardiology), kidney and urinary tract diseases (nephrology), as well as gastrointestinal diseases (gastroenterology).
Internists are specialized in solving sophisticated diagnostic problems, and assist patients in understanding the prevention of disease as well as improving their health.
Gastroenterology
Gastroenterology is a subspecialist branch of internal medicine which deals with diseases of the lower part of the gastrointestinal system that consists of the oesophagus, stomach, duodenum, small and large intestine, liver, gallbladder, bile duct and pancreas.
After a check-up and conversation with the patient, a diagnosis is made by means of laboratory tests, stomach ultrasound, gastroscopy and colonoscopy, as well as radiological tests such as RTG, MSCT and MR (gastroscopy and colonoscopy imaging).
Endocrinology
Endocrinology is a subspecialist branch of internal medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of internal secretion glands diseases as well as metabolism dysfunction. Some endocrinological disorders, such as diabetes, thyroid gland disease, obesity and osteoporosis are very common among the general population, while pituitary gland and hypophysis disease are relatively rare.
Internal secretion glands are connected to the neuro-vegetative system through hormones, and participate in the regulation of all life processes in our organism. Disorders caused by excessive or insufficient secretion of one and/or more hormones, often lead to serious problems and even life-threatening conditions.
The rising exposure to stress, as well as our modern, hectic lifestyle, and excessive energy intake without adequate energy consumption (reduced physical activity), are causing more frequent diseases of the endocrine system, of which the most common are diabetes and thyroid gland dysfunction.
Cardiology
Cardiology is a branch of medicine concerned with the treatment of heart and blood vessels disease, which are the most common diseases in modern times, and the leading cause of death in developed countries. Modern diagnostics is not only oriented to reducing the discomforts, instead, its primary focus is on the prevention of change from asymptomatic heart disease to symptomatic failure and coronary disease, thus changing not only the course of the disease and prolonging life, but also reducing mortality.
In order to achieve this, besides determining risk factors (smoking, high blood pressure, high cholesterol and triglycerides, diabetes, etc.), it is necessary to recognize the morphological and structural changes of heart entities in terms of ventricular dysfunction (systolic, diastolic), hemodynamic abnormalities (insufficiency and stenosis valvular apparatus), compensatory mechanisms for repairing heart cavities (hypertrophy, dilatation) and patency of the heart and other arteries.
Along with cardio check-ups, diagnostics is performed by means of ECG, 24-hour ECG, 24-hour blood pressure measuring, ultrasound and Color Doppler of the heart, treadmill load tests (ergometry), arteries and vein CD, MSCT coronary angiography, and classic coronary angiography with a set-up in the same procedure and stent in the place of retracted arteries, electrophysiology, etc.
Pulmonology
Pulmonology is a branch of internal medicine concerned with the diagnostics, treatment and prevention of lung diseases and respiratory system diseases such as respiratory system inflammation (nose, sinus, pharynx, bronchus, and lungs), asthma and chronic obstructive bronchitis.
Besides pulmonary check-ups, in cases of medical indications, pulmonary analysis is completed with a spirometry, allergic tests, radiological diagnostics tests, bronchoscope and biopsy.