When is the surgical procedure required?
The transformation zone is the most sensitive part of the cervix, where “metaplasia” and HPV infection occur, being the initial stage leading to the cervical dysplasia. The procedure is performed when a cervical change does not respond to the conservative therapy methods.
What does the surgery include?
It is a minor surgical procedure, since the excision does not reach the depth of the cervix, while a lesion is removed approximately at the level 8 to 10 mm in depth. The pathohistological analysis of the tissue should verify if the lesion has been completely removed. The marginal damage of the tissue is reduced by applying higher current frequencies, so the histological analysis of the specimen margins should not pose a problem. The advantages of the electrosurgical technique over the traditional cone biopsy are simplicity of the procedure, shorter operation time, possibility of outpatient surgery, minor postoperative discomforts and earlier recovery of a patient.
How to get prepared?
There are no recommended preparations for the procedure in the first stage of the menstrual cycle, but a patient is to avoid any physical effort and should rest for the next 24 hours after the procedure. A patient should take sick leave for 10 to 14 days and avoid tampons, sexual intercourse and swimming in the sea or public pool for the next three weeks.
Related tests and examinations:
Physical examination performed by gynecologist and related Pap smear test, HPV typing test, colposcopy, biopsy with histopathological diagnosis. Physical examination and tests indicated by the anaesthesiologist (laboratory tests, ECG, heart and lung X-ray scan, physical examination by other specialist) should be performed.